The prostate-specific antigen (PSA), a type of protein that is produced only by epithelial cells, is a significant tumor marker for prostate cancer. The elevated blood serum concentration of prostate-specific molecules is used to diagnose prostate cancer. Prostate cancer is a common problem in men. Prostatitis is a condition that causes inflammation and an increase in PSA. It is a sign of benign prostatic hyperplasia in the prostate gland. Combining the PSA test with a Digital rectal examination (DRE) is used to detect prostate cancer in men who are not symptomatic. PSA screening has been successful Recognition by healthcare providers and clinicians of the potential causes of prostate cancer. The root cause of the problem. Although prostate cancer symptoms can vary from one man to another, the PSA level of most healthy men is below 4. mg/ml and a value of 4mg/mL are projected values for prostate cancer. However, consensus is lacking on the normal PSA levels among clinicians. A key factor is the ever-increasing precision and specificity diagnostic tools and markers.
Encouragement of PSA testing. A person's PSA can rise due to several benign conditions (not cancerous). These include prostatitis (inflammation) and benign prostate hyperplasia(enlargement). Although there is no evidence to suggest that any of these conditions can lead to prostate cancer, it is possible for someone with one or both of them to develop prostate cancer. A doctor may recommend another PSA test if a person with no symptoms of prostate cancer opts to have it checked. The doctor might recommend that the PSA test be repeated if the PSA levels are still high. The doctor may recommend additional tests to determine if the PSA levels continue to rise or a suspicious lump appears during DRE. These tests may include high-resolution micro- ultrasound or magnetic resonance imaging. Alternately, the doctor might recommend a prostate biopsy. Multiple samples of prostate tissue can be collected during this procedure by inserting hollow needles in the prostate and then removing them.
You can insert the biopsy needle through the wall of your rectum (transrectal biopsy) or through your perineum (transperineal biopsy). The pathologist examines the tissue collected under a microscope. Both biopsy procedures are guided by ultrasound imaging to allow the doctor to view the prostate during the procedure. However, ultrasound cannot be used solely for diagnosing prostate cancer. A MRI-guided biopsy can be performed for patients who have suspicious areas on MRI. Men with high PSA levels who had no symptoms or elevated PSA were often prescribed antibiotics to check for infection. According to the American Urological Association (AUA), there is no evidence that antibiotics can reduce PSA levels in men without other symptoms.
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